China Office and State Office： Make the income of scientific researchers closely related to their actual contributions.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 7 (Xinhua) Recently, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Implementing the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increasing Knowledge Value", and issued a notice requesting all localities and departments to conscientiously implement it in light of the actual situation.

　　The full text of "Several Opinions on Implementing the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increasing Knowledge Value" is as follows.

　　In order to speed up the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific researchers for innovation and entrepreneurship, and create an atmosphere of respecting labor, knowledge, talents and creativity in the whole society, the following opinions are put forward on implementing the distribution policy oriented to increasing knowledge value.

　　I. General requirements

　　(A) the basic idea

　　Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee and the National Conference on Science and Technology Innovation, thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the series of important speeches by the Supreme Leader General Secretary, accelerate the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, implement the distribution policy oriented to increasing knowledge value, give full play to the incentive-oriented role of the income distribution policy, stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the majority of scientific researchers, encourage more achievements, quick achievements and good achievements, and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. Coordinate different scientific categories such as natural science, philosophy and social science, coordinate the whole innovation chain of basic research, applied research, technology development and achievement transformation, and strengthen system design and classified management. Give full play to the role of the market mechanism. By steadily increasing the basic salary, increasing the incentive of performance-based salary distribution, and implementing incentives for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the income of scientific researchers is closely related to post responsibilities, work performance, and actual contributions, forming a virtuous circle in the whole society in which knowledge creates value and value creators get reasonable returns, and constructing an income distribution mechanism that reflects the increase of knowledge value.

　　(2) Main principles

　　— — Adhere to the value orientation. In view of the incomplete matching between the actual contribution of Chinese researchers and the income distribution, the absence of long-term incentive policies such as equity incentive, and the imperfect internal distribution incentive mechanism, we should clarify the distribution orientation and improve the distribution mechanism, so as to make the income of researchers closely related to the scientific value, economic value and social value they created.

　　— — Implement classified policies. According to the characteristics of intellectual labor in different innovation subjects, different innovation fields and different innovation links, we should implement targeted distribution policies, coordinate macro-control and directional policies, and explore effective ways to realize knowledge value.

　　— — Pay equal attention to incentives and constraints. Take people as the starting point and end result of policy incentives, strengthen long-term incentives such as property rights, improve the medium-and long-term assessment and evaluation mechanism, and highlight performance contributions. Reasonably regulate the income level gap of different types of units in different regions and the same region.

　　— — Combination of spiritual and material incentives. We should adopt a variety of incentives, while increasing material income incentives, pay attention to giving full play to the role of spiritual incentives, vigorously commend scientific researchers with outstanding innovative achievements, and create a social atmosphere that encourages exploration and innovation.

　　Second, promote the formation of an income distribution mechanism that reflects the value of increased knowledge.

　　(a) gradually improve the income level of scientific research personnel. On the basis of ensuring the normal growth of the basic salary level, we will gradually raise the basic performance salary level that reflects the scientific research personnel’s performance of their duties and undertaking tasks entrusted by the government and society, and establish a stable growth mechanism for performance salary. We will increase incentives for researchers and innovation teams who have made outstanding contributions, and increase the share of profits from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements by researchers. Strengthen performance evaluation and assessment, so that income distribution is linked to assessment results.

　　(2) Give play to the incentive and guiding role of financial research project funds. Classified management shall be implemented for scientific research projects with different functions and funding sources, and performance incentives for scientific researchers shall be strengthened on the basis of performance evaluation. Improve the management system of funds and achievements of scientific research projects, and gradually implement contract management for applied scientific research projects with clear goals. For social science research institutions and think tanks, the government purchase service system will be implemented.

　　(three) to encourage scientific researchers to obtain reasonable income through the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Actively explore effective ways to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and realize knowledge value through market allocation of resources. When the scientific and technological achievements produced by the financially funded scientific research projects are transformed, the income distribution ratio between the project undertaker and the completed adults should be clarified. For horizontal entrusted projects entrusted by enterprises and other social organizations, the project undertaker and scientific researchers are allowed to stipulate the right to use intellectual property rights and conversion income through contracts, and explore giving scientific researchers the ownership or long-term use right of scientific and technological achievements. Gradually increase the payment standards such as manuscript fees and royalties, and increase the fruitful income of scientific researchers.

　　Third, expand the autonomy of income distribution of scientific research institutions and universities.

　　(a) to guide scientific research institutions and universities to implement distribution methods that reflect their own characteristics. To give scientific research institutions and universities greater autonomy in income distribution, scientific research institutions and universities should fulfill their legal person responsibilities, formulate incentive measures for income distribution of scientific and technological innovation talents based on actual contributions according to their functional orientation and development direction, highlight performance orientation, establish an incentive mechanism for income distribution that is unified with job responsibilities and objectives, and rationally adjust the income distribution relationship of teaching staff, scientific researchers, experimental design and development personnel, auxiliary personnel and personnel specializing in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. For those who have been engaged in basic research, agricultural and social welfare research for a long period of time, the income distribution will be adjusted by classification. By optimizing the wage structure, the basic wage income will be steadily increased, the performance reward for major scientific and technological innovations will be increased, and the feedback mechanism for the subsequent transformation of scientific and technological achievements will be established and improved, so that researchers can concentrate on their research. For personnel engaged in applied research and technology development, incentives and rewards are mainly realized through market mechanisms and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. For those engaged in philosophical and social science research, theoretical innovation, decision-making consultation support and social influence are taken as the basic basis for evaluation, and a reasonable compensation and incentive mechanism for intellectual labor is formed. Improve the relevant management system and increase the incentive for scientific research assistants. Scientifically set the assessment cycle, reasonably determine the evaluation time limit, avoid short-term frequent assessment, and form a long-term incentive orientation.

　　(B) improve the internal incentive mechanism to adapt to the characteristics of teaching posts in colleges and universities. Take teaching achievements and achievements as an important basis for the promotion of teachers’ professional titles and income distribution. For full-time teaching staff, appropriately increase the proportion of basic performance pay in performance pay, and increase the post incentives for teaching-oriented teachers. The research on teaching theory, the exploration of teaching methods, the development of high-quality teaching resources and the innovation of teaching methods carried out by college teachers are tilted in the distribution of performance pay.

　　(three) the implementation of scientific research institutions and universities in the post setting, personnel recruitment, performance salary distribution, project funds management and other aspects of autonomy. In the post management of scientific research personnel, the employer shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the actual needs, reasonably determine the structural proportion of post grades and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for professional and technical posts at all levels. Improve the management of performance pay, and scientific research institutions and universities independently decide the performance appraisal and performance distribution methods. Give the financial research project undertaker the right to use indirect funds as a whole. Reasonably adjust the income gap of various posts within the unit, except for the transformation of income from scientific and technological achievements, the income gap within the unit should be kept within a reasonable range. Actively solve the problems of low income and treatment of young researchers and teachers in some positions, and strengthen the construction of academic echelon.

　　(four) pay attention to scientific research institutions, universities and long-term target assessment. Combined with the classification reform and responsibility orientation of scientific research institutions and universities, we will strengthen the assessment of medium and long-term goals of scientific research institutions and universities, establish a funding system and an employee income adjustment mechanism linked to the assessment results, and increase performance incentives for those who evaluate well. For qualified scientific research institutions, explore the implementation of contract management system, and determine the appropriation, performance salary level and distribution method according to the target completion agreed in the contract. Improve the internal public disclosure system of scientific research institutions, universities’ financial allocation expenditure, income and expenditure of scientific research projects, transformation of scientific research achievements and income.

　　Four, to further play the incentive and guiding role of scientific research project funds.

　　(A) give play to the incentive role of financial research project funds in the distribution of knowledge value. According to the characteristics of scientific research projects, improve the management of financial funds and increase the incentive for scientific research personnel. For intelligence-intensive projects such as basic research, software development and soft science research with low dependence on experimental equipment and low consumption of experimental materials, the project undertaker should establish and improve the management methods of labor expenses and indirect funds in line with its own characteristics within the framework of national policies. The project undertaker can reasonably arrange the performance expenditure in indirect funds in combination with the work performance of scientific research personnel. Establish a financial supervision system for scientific and technological funds in line with the law of scientific and technological innovation, and explore the implementation of negative list management of expenditure in qualified scientific research projects. Personal income is not directly related to the number of projects undertaken and the level of funds obtained.

　　(two) improve the scientific research institutions, universities, horizontal entrusted project funds management system. For horizontal entrusted projects entrusted by enterprises and other social organizations, the use of personnel funds shall be managed in accordance with the contract. The reward and remuneration for technical development, technical consultation and technical services shall be extracted in accordance with the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements and Several Provisions on the Implementation of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements; If the project contract does not stipulate personnel expenses, it shall be decided by the unit independently. Scientific research institutions and universities should give priority to ensuring that researchers perform public welfare functions such as scientific research and teaching; Scientific research personnel undertake horizontal entrusted projects, which shall not affect their performance of post responsibilities and completion of their own work.

　　(three) improve the management system of project funds in the field of philosophy and social science research. For qualified think tank projects, explore the adoption of the government purchase service system, and the project funds will be managed and used by the project undertaker in accordance with the service contract. Revise the project fund management methods of the National Social Science Fund and the prosperity plan of philosophy and social sciences in colleges and universities of the Ministry of Education, cancel the proportion limit of labor expenses, clarify the scope of labor expenses, and increase the indirect cost compensation for the project undertaker and the performance incentive for scientific researchers.

　　Five, strengthen the long-term incentive of scientific and technological achievements property rights to researchers.

　　(1) Strengthen the legal person responsibility of scientific research institutions and universities to perform long-term incentives for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Adhere to both long-term property rights incentives and cash incentives, explore the implementation of equity, options and dividend incentives for researchers, and increase incentives in intellectual property rights such as patents, copyrights, new plant varieties, and exclusive rights in integrated circuit layout design, as well as equity and post dividend rights formed by the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Scientific research institutions and universities should establish and improve the internal management and reward system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, independently decide the income distribution and reward scheme for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the person in charge of the unit and the relevant responsible person shall be exempted from liability according to the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements and Several Provisions on the Implementation of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, and construct a medium-and long-term incentive mechanism such as equity incentive for scientific and technological personnel. If it involves the registration and change of shares with scientific and technological achievements as a reward for scientific and technological personnel, it is not necessary to report to the competent departments of scientific research institutions and universities for examination and approval. Accelerate the introduction of the policy that scientific research institutions and universities invest in state-owned shares formed by unlisted small and medium-sized enterprises by pricing scientific and technological achievements, and exempt them from being transferred to the national social security fund when enterprises go public.

　　(two) improve the scientific research institutions, university leaders of scientific and technological achievements into equity incentive management system. The chief leaders of scientific research institutions and universities and the members of their leading bodies are cadres under the central management, and the chief leaders of their subordinate units who serve as legal representatives shall transfer the equity acquired by the transformation of scientific and technological achievements before serving their posts in a timely manner. If the shares are not transferred within the time limit, the transactions shall be restricted during their term of office. Where the equity transaction is restricted, the restriction shall be lifted after I have not held the above position for one year. Relevant departments and units should speed up the formulation of specific implementation measures.

　　(3) Improve the medium-and long-term incentive mechanism for scientific researchers by state-owned enterprises. Respect the autonomy of enterprises in income distribution as the main body of market economy, and improve the reward system of linking the income of researchers in state-owned enterprises with scientific and technological achievements and innovation performance. Scientific research personnel of state-owned enterprises shall pay according to the contract, and explore the implementation of market-oriented salary system such as agreed salary and project salary for international high-end scientific and technological talents and high-end skilled talents. Eligible state-owned scientific and technological enterprises can be encouraged by equity selling, equity incentives, equity options and other equity methods, or project income dividends, post dividends and other dividend methods.

　　(4) Improve relevant tax policies such as equity incentives. We will implement deferred tax preferential policies for eligible stock options, equity options, restricted stocks, equity incentives and investment in scientific and technological achievements, encourage scientific researchers to innovate and start businesses, and further promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

　　Six, allowing researchers and teachers to work part-time and pay in accordance with the law.

　　(a) allow scientific research personnel to engage in part-time jobs to obtain legal income. On the premise of fulfilling their duties and completing their own jobs, scientific researchers may, with the consent of their units, take part-time jobs in enterprises and other scientific research institutions, universities and social organizations and obtain legal remuneration. Encourage scientific researchers to work part-time for public welfare, and actively participate in decision-making consultation, poverty alleviation, scientific popularization, legal aid and academic organizations. Scientific research institutions and universities shall stipulate or agree with scientific researchers on the rights and obligations of part-time jobs, and implement the publicity system for part-time jobs of scientific researchers. Part-time jobs shall not disclose the technical secrets of their own units, damage or occupy their legitimate rights and interests, and violate their social responsibilities. In principle, the remuneration obtained from part-time jobs belongs to individuals, and a reporting system for income such as equity and dividends obtained from part-time jobs is established. Part-time work and remuneration of scientific research personnel in leading positions shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the central government. With the approval of the unit, researchers can leave their posts to engage in innovative and entrepreneurial activities such as the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Part-time or off-the-job entrepreneurial income is not limited by the total performance salary of the unit. Individuals must truthfully report their part-time income to the unit for filing and pay personal income tax according to relevant regulations.

　　(B) allow college teachers to engage in multi-point teaching to obtain legal income. College teachers can carry out multi-point teaching and get paid with the approval of their units. Encourage the use of various media such as online platforms to promote the social sharing of high-quality teaching resources such as excellent teaching materials and courses, and teachers are paid according to the market mechanism.

　　Seven, strengthen the organization and implementation

　　(1) Strengthen linkage. All localities and departments should strengthen organizational leadership, improve working mechanism, strengthen departmental coordination and linkage, formulate implementation rules and supporting policies and measures, strengthen supervision and inspection, and ensure that all tasks are implemented. Strengthen policy interpretation and publicity, strengthen cadre learning and training, and stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific research personnel for innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　(2) Try first. Select some localities and units to carry out pilot projects in advance according to the actual situation, encourage bold exploration, take the lead in breaking through, and promote successful experiences in a timely manner. Explore the reform of local conditions at the grass-roots level and establish a fault-tolerant mechanism.

　　(3) Strengthen assessment. All localities and departments should pay close attention to the formulation of management measures for encouragement, assessment and evaluation oriented to increasing knowledge value, establish a third-party evaluation mechanism, standardize relevant incentive measures, and form a positive incentive that is both dynamic and standardized in the whole society.

　　This opinion applies to scientific research institutions, universities and wholly state-owned enterprises (companies) established by the state. Other units of knowledge-based, technical and innovative workers can refer to the spirit of this opinion, combined with their own reality, formulate specific income distribution measures. The income distribution policies of scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises in the national defense and military systems shall be formulated separately.