Promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation

　　Recently, when listening to the work report of the Jilin Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, integrate scientific research resources and strength, strengthen the dominant position of enterprise innovation, optimize the innovation ecology, strive to make new breakthroughs in a number of major scientific and technological projects, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in the construction of scientific research collaborative innovation system. Since the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued and implemented the Outline of National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy in 2016, China has closely followed development, deepened reform, strengthened incentives and opened wider to the outside world, and a series of measures have highlighted systematic institutional innovation under the guidance of national strategic needs, laying a solid foundation for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.

　　In February 2020, the 12th meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform deliberated and adopted the Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Infrastructure, so as to lay a solid foundation for the digital economy. On this basis, the 14th Five-Year Plan released in March 2021 promoted innovation to the core position, and clearly strengthened the strategy of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology. These policies build an innovative economic basic framework from multiple dimensions such as infrastructure, institutional guarantee and resource investment.

　　Continuing the strategic deployment of the 14 th Five-Year Plan, in November 2021, the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform deliberated and adopted the Three-Year Plan for Science and Technology System Reform (2021— 2023) and "Several Measures on Supporting Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone to Carry out the Pilot Reform of High-level Science and Technology Self-reliance and Self-improvement" have made new arrangements for the new round of science and technology system reform, aiming at building an institutional system to ensure high-level science and technology self-reliance. In terms of R&D investment, through the guidance of "Guiding Opinions on Improving the Evaluation Mechanism of Scientific and Technological Achievements" and other documents, by 2023, the R&D expenditure of the whole society in China will exceed 3.3 trillion yuan, and the investment intensity will reach 2.64%. In terms of carrier construction, 32 major scientific and technological infrastructures in 77 countries have been completed and put into operation, and some facilities have entered the first phalanx in the world.

　　In order to tackle key technical problems, the implementation plan of "Science and Technology Innovation 2030- Major Projects" focuses on intelligent manufacturing, robotics, big data and other fields. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance successively issued the Notice on Supporting the High-quality Development of Specialized and Innovative SMEs and the Notice on Further Supporting the High-quality Development of Specialized and Innovative SMEs, and continuously improved the gradient cultivation system of high-quality enterprises. Data show that China has cultivated 215,000 innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, 103,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises and 12,000 specialized and innovative "little giant" enterprises, and cultivated over 90,000 innovative subjects.

　　Under the strong guarantee of a series of policies, China’s innovation system is coordinated and efficient, enhancing the vitality of innovation power and the ability to serve economic and social development, and providing strong support for building an innovative country and a world science and technology power. At present, the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation still faces many challenges, and there are still some problems among universities, research institutes and enterprises, such as imperfect cooperation mechanism and low conversion rate of scientific research results. To solve this problem, we must further promote the optimal allocation and efficient utilization of scientific research resources. Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has made a useful exploration in this regard. By integrating the resources of universities, research institutes and enterprises in the region, Greater Bay Area has built a whole chain innovation ecology of "basic research+technical research+achievement transformation+technology and finance", which provides a model for regional collaborative innovation.

　　As the main body of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, it is very important for enterprises to improve their innovation ability. At present, some enterprises in China have some problems in scientific and technological innovation, such as poor subjective consciousness, insufficient R&D investment and weak innovation ability. Therefore, we must start with policy support, resource allocation and market incentives to stimulate the endogenous motivation of innovation. For example, a battery company passed the "R&D investment — Technological breakthrough — The closed-loop innovation model of "industrial upgrading" has continuously consolidated the global market share, and its original battery products have increased the volume utilization rate to 72%. At the same time, through vertically integrating the supply chain and innovating the "chocolate-for-electricity" model, it has promoted the collaborative innovation of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain and formed an internationally competitive industrial cluster. The innovation practice of similar enterprises shows that strengthening the main position of enterprise innovation and constructing "input — Output — The virtuous circle mechanism of transformation is the key to promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.

　　In addition, optimizing the innovation ecology is also an important guarantee to promote the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation. A good innovation ecology can attract and gather innovative resources and stimulate the innovation vitality of the whole society. Zhongguancun has built a good innovation ecology and attracted a large number of high-tech enterprises and innovative talents by setting up scientific and technological innovation funds, building scientific and technological incubators and improving intellectual property protection mechanisms. Shenzhen has provided strong financial support for scientific and technological innovation by developing technology and finance. These successful experiences show that optimizing the innovation ecology requires comprehensive policies from the aspects of system construction, policy support and environmental creation.

　　Looking forward to the future, it is still necessary to strengthen the top-level design and improve the policy support system to promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. The government should formulate a special plan for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, define the development goals and key areas, such as increasing the deduction of R&D expenses and setting up special funds for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, so as to provide a strong guarantee for scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. In addition, we should also build a collaborative innovation platform for Industry-University-Research, encourage universities, research institutes and enterprises to build joint laboratories, technology innovation centers and other platforms to promote the industrial application of scientific research results. In terms of intellectual property protection, we should intensify efforts to improve relevant laws and regulations, intensify the crackdown on infringement, and create a good legal environment for scientific and technological innovation.

　　Author: Lin Ying (Associate Research Fellow, Fujian Jiangxia College)